Editor’s note: George Izumi passed away on Aug. 2 at 99. The Manzanar incarceree’s life as a baker, small business owner and community leader in Southern California Japanese American life is reflected in this piece, first published in The Rafuin October 2012. Izumi’s family has also graciously shared two of his recipes from Grace Pastries for baking at home.
By PATRICIA WAKIDA
“Weddings are the most superstitious of holidays. And the cake? Well it’s like any marriage, right? I won’t say the cake is human, but the cake is something special.” —Mary, a former Grace Pastries customer
Talk to anyone who grew up in the Crenshaw district of southwestern Los Angeles and they’ll tell you how they remember the sweet aroma that once spilled from the doors of Grace Pastries.
At Grace Pastries, the cake was king; a symbolic reward that came as a result of the Japanese American communities’ hard-earned post-war successes. For every wedding, every graduation, every grand opening or anniversary, and especially when a child’s birthday was celebrated, there was a specialty cake from Grace; a bed of pastel roses, scalloped buttercream borders, a riot of plastic palm trees or circus clowns.
These were edible trophies for a community finally rising from the harsh realities of World War II, and for a time, it almost seemed that the bakery couldn’t be able to keep up with all of the demands.
The original store was a tiny retail space, only 50 feet deep, but the walls were neatly papered and the glass cases nearly burst with a dizzying array of buttery confections. The staff were always neatly coiffed and dressed in starched uniforms, ready to greet customers from the moment doors opened. As the customer base swelled exponentially, Izumi expanded to a larger location six blocks away on Jefferson and Crenshaw, right where the J Yellow Car line ended. Within a decade, Grace Pastries had the highest name recognition of any bakery in Los Angeles, and eventually boasted 14 outlets throughout greater Los Angeles County.
Among his devoted customers was Marian Manaka, who remembers fondly; “My sister and I lived together right there on Jefferson Boulevard and used to take our two kids in a stroller past all the shops on our way to Grace, where we always got a treat. The dobash cake and oh, the teacakes!” These rapturous recollections are especially common amongst the Nisei and young Sansei, who describe a trip to Grace as “the ultimate good,” for a generation craving sweet memories that lingered.
The founder, George Izumi, is a Nisei — born in Hollywood in 1921 and raised on farms where his father Riyozo raised commercial flowers and vegetables, as the majority of Issei at that time did. He was one of eight kids, which taught him to be fiercely independent, and some of his earliest chores were learning to harness the horse to the wagon and spread manure on the fields. It was a hard time in America, and daily meals for a family of ten, let alone a powdered donut, were meager or non-existent.
“In Santa Monica there used to be a city dump where someone would throw all their walnut shells out, and us kids, we’d pick through the shells and eat what we could find. Dad would go fishing and bring back whole sacks of bonito and mackerel, which we’d cook with shoyuand sato, turning it all into gelatin, and pour over hot rice with cooked beet leaves. I’m also pretty sure my mom would pickle all of the fish guts.”
Growing up in the ’30s also meant picking up a sack of day-olds from Wonder Bread that turned nice and soft in the steamer and was eaten with oleo or lard if the kids were that lucky.
Izumi was 18 when war broke out. The family was sent to Manzanar, where he first worked as a carpenter, but really what he wanted to learn was how to cook. He got a job in Mess Hall #16, which required getting up at 3 a.m. to fire up the oil stoves. But learning from the Issei men in the kitchen provided to be slippery: “The Issei just said, a piece of that, a scoop of that — it still tasted good — but they sure couldn’t tell you how to make it.”
In the end, he claims he didn’t learn much, since all he did was cut out biscuits. And he recalls that the mutton stew sure used to stink.
When the Nisei draft was re-enacted, George enlisted from camp, fully prepared to train for combat. Once the Army learned of his cooking experience, they sent him to the Cooks and Baker’s School at Ft. Meade, Maryland instead. “Learning to bake? Its not that hard. Its all written out step by step, you got it made. Just like the Army — you follow directions.”
At the end of the war, he found work in Chicago flipping English muffins on a grill, and gaining more bread, cake, and cupcake experience before he earned enough to return to California in 1946.
George and Grace Izumi (nee Kato) began courting in 1948 and were married in 1949 at Nishi Hongwanji Temple in Little Tokyo. The young couple founded Grace Pastry Shoppe on March 13, 1950, six months after the wedding, on a $3,500 loan from Grace’s parents. They acquired second-hand equipment and cleaned and painted the place, pulling 18-hour workdays.
On opening day, they took in $25 and the next day $30, and called it lucky if they made $100 a week. They even made wedding cake deliveries in their 1942 Pontiac, with Grace in the backseat, holding onto the cake for dear life. She eventually retired from the bakery and dedicated her time to raising their four children, all with auspicious “G” names: Grayson, Glenda, Garret, and Genelle. Grace revealed that even the pets had “G” names, so that they wouldn’t feel left out: Gabby the Mynah bird, cats Gussie, Gigi and Ginny, the dog Gibo, and of course the fish were all Guppies.
According to Izumi, what really saved the bakery from mediocrity and turned it into a real enterprise was knowing the value of improving any product. “You have to have determination to make it better, ” says Izumi, and for 39 years he persevered and like the rest of the JA community, made things better than before. Meanwhile, his reputation as a master baker grew.
He was the only baker in the National Association of Retail Bakers to have won Gold Cup awards in all 14 categories, and while most assume that the popular layered Dobash cake is an invention from Hawaii, it was in fact George Izumi who created it first and brought it to the islands during baking demonstrations. “I made a traditional Dobos torte, which caught on with some Issei ladies, and with their Japanese accent, they asked for that ‘Doba-shi’ because they couldn’t pronounce the Hungarian word.”
Ultimately, those intimate stories connecting the strawberry pie, the coffee danishes, or a cream pastry with so many personal memories, combined with Izumi’s community work, has left a lasting impression. Leftover baked goods went to Maryknoll school, he gave to Centenary and Senshin church, donated a cake annually to Nisei Week and dozens of city celebrations and events, and was an active fundraiser for Yellow Brotherhood.
He also credits the sweat and tears of his staff: Richard Kojima, general manager; Tak Teramae, office manager; Bob Wright and Emma Englund, cake decorators; Peggy Nishima; Toggie Nakamoto; all of the Sansei girls who got after-school jobs working behind the counter; Kaz Furuto, the original bookkeeper, who would bring Grace and George dinner so that they could keep pushing into the night.
Grace Pastries was sold in 1989 and George Izumi doesn’t complain. Taking into account the whole of his story, an American life filled with contradictions, the life of a baker whose toughness and business acumen brought a touch of salt along with the sweet, you see the essential ingredient to everything he did.
“How do I make the tea cakes? Simple cake. You have to know what you’re doing, that’s all.”
GRACE PASTRIES DANISH TEA CAKES
By GENELLE IZUMI
Whenever I mention to folks who grew up in the Los Angeles area during the ’50s, ’60s or ’70s that my father owned Grace Pastries, tea cakes and dobash cakes inevitably enter the conversation.
While I admit his multi-layer dobash cake was great, the tea cakes always had a special place in my heart. His original tea cake recipe for 70 DOZEN and called for 16 pounds of brown sugar and 24 pounds of buttermilk (just to name a few ingredients), proved a little too unwieldy, not to mention, impractical for us home kitchen bakers.
So without further ado, here is the tested, tried-and-true recipe for a more manageable number of Grace Pastries’ Danish Tea Cakes.
Makes 24
For the batter:
- 1-1/4 cups brown sugar
- 3/4 cup extra fine white sugar
- 3/4 cup vegetable oil
- 3/4 teaspoon salt
- 1/2 teaspoon vanilla
- 3 eggs (minus 1 tablespoon)
- 1-1/2 cups buttermilk
- 2-1/2 cups cake flour
- 1/2 teaspoon baking soda
For the icing:
- 6 tablespoons butter
- 1-1/2 cups confectioners’ sugar
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 3 tablespoons hot water
Directions:
Preheat oven to 375°.
Cream together the brown sugar, white sugar, vegetable oil, salt and vanilla. Add the eggs in three parts.?Cream slowly for six minutes, continually scraping down the sides. Add 3/4 cup of the buttermilk, cake flour and baking soda until smooth. Add the remaining 3/4 cup of buttermilk.
Line the muffin cups with paper liners.? Fill cups 2/3 full. Bake for 18-20 minutes, rotating pans halfway through. Let cool in the pans for five minutes, then turn out on cooling racks. Repeat with any remaining batter. Let cool completely before topping with the icing.
Heat the butter slowly and cook until until golden brown.
In a separate bowl, mix confectioners’ sugar, vanilla and hot water together.? Add the melted butter.?Whisk until smooth.
While the icing mixture is still warm but the cakes are cooled, dip the tops of the cakes into the icing mix and cool again, careful not to layer the icing on too thickly.
Voilà!
Dad baked his tea cakes in restaurant-grade square muffin tins using regular, round cupcake liners. Some specialty cookware stores may have the square tins, and you can also find them online, but I found mine at, of all places, Marshall’s in the kitchen section.?Enjoy!
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Genelle Izumi, daughter of George Izumi, writes about food in her blog, “What’s on G-Fork’s Plate,” https://gfork.wordpress.com.